Jesus wept, man, this is a PD engine and you put dodgy diesel in it? On top of expensive additives (you talk about Millers)???
Diesel is lighter than water, you should always take fuel from the top of the container, never the bottom. Particularly if you don't know how clean the drum is.
Chlorine is a gas, there won't have been any lurking at the bottom of your drum. Bleach, on the other hand . . .
Fuel filter drain is designed to let out the water separated out by the filter. Chlorine smell is coming from that,not the fuel. Still doesn't sound good.
Get Rid Of That Drum!
Stop Cranking It Over! All you're doing is pushing contamination further into the system. You've a long job ahead and it won't be made easier by pushing sludge everywhere.
You're going to have to clean out the whole system. That means taking the tank off and cleaning it out, cleaning the lift pump that lives in the tank, disconnecting all the fuel lines to clean them, cleaning the filter, the fuel cooler, the tandem pump on the cylinder head and all four PD injectors, which are under the rocker cover.
The fuel cooler is a suspect for blockage, but if you've sludge there your injectors have already seen it and will be clogged as well.
The PD injectors are fed from a common low-pressure fuel channel in the head, pressurised by the tandem pump. If you're very lucky, you might get away with flushing and cleaning this low-pressure rail (and everything up to it, of course, tank, pumps, filter, cooler), so not needing to dismantle the head. Removing and refitting the PD injectors needs special tools.
But just cleaning one bit or the other isn't going to
help. The sludge, contamination or whatever is all through the fuel system, which is continuously pumped all the time the engine is on. Get rid of it all or it will come back.